.ﺩﻮﺷ ﻞﻴﺒﻗ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻡﺯﻻ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻧﻻﻮﻃ ﺕﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻳ ﺪﻴﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ یﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﺮﮔﺍ
ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺮﮔﺍ .ﺪﻴﻨﮐ ﻞﺻﻭ ﻩﺭﺎﺑﻭﺩ ،یﺮﺗﺎﺑ ژﺭﺎﺷ ﻉﻭﺮﺷ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻴﻨﮐ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺲﭙﺳ ،ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﻞﺻﻭ ﺍﺭ ﺭژﺭﺎﺷ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻰﺳﺎﻤﺗ ﻥﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺷ ﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﺮﮕﺸﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ژﺭﺎﺷ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﺗ ﺪﺸﮑﺑ ﻝﻮﻃ ﻪﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻠﺨﺗ ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ
.ﺩﺮﮐ ﺭﺍﺮﻗﺮﺑ
.ﺪﻴﺸﮑﺑ ﻕﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺭژﺭﺎﺷ ﻭ ﺵﻮﻣﺎﺧ ﺍﺭ ﻦﻔﻠﺗ ﻪﺸﻴﻤﻫ ،ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﻥﺩﺮﮐ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ
Q
Q
۶۴
ﺭژﺭﺎﺷ ﻭ یﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ
ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺪﺷ ژﺭﺎﺷ ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﻰﺘﻗﻭ .ﺪﻴﻨﮐ ﺍﺪﺟ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺳﺩ ﻭ ﻕﺮﺑ ﺰﻳﺮﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻤﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺭژﺭﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺘﻗﻭ
ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ژﺭﺎﺷ ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺮﮔﺍ .ﺪﻫﺎﮐ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺮﻤﻋ ﻝﻮﻃ ﺯﺍ ،ﺪﺣ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻴﺑ ژﺭﺎﺷ ﺍﺮﻳﺯ ،ﺪﻴﻨﮑﻧ ﺎﻫﺭ ﺭژﺭﺎﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺼﺘﻣ
.ﺪﻫﺩ ﻰﻣ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ژﺭﺎﺷ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺮﺛﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺎﻤﺑ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﻰﺗﺪﻣ
ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﯽﻠﻴﺧ یﺎﻣﺩ .ﺪﻳﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﮕﻧ (ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧﺭﺎﻓ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ٧٧ ﺎﺗ ۵٩) ﺩﺍﺮﮕﻴﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ٢۵ ﺎﺗ ١۵ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺍﺭ یﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﻪﺸﻴﻤﻫ
ﺖﻗﻮﻣ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺳﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺩﺮﺳ ﺎﻳ ﻡﺮﮔ یﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﻗﻭ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ یﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺮﻤﻋ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ
.ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺩﺎﻤﺠﻧﺍ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻯﺎﻣﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﮐ .ﺪﻨﮑﻧ ﺭﺎﮐ
ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺩ ﺥﺭ ﻰﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﻰﻗﺎﻔﺗﺍ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﮐ ﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ .ﺪﻴﻨﮐ ﻯﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﮐ ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ
ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ (-) ﻰﻔﻨﻣ ﻭ (+) ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺐﻄﻗ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻝﺎﺼﺗﺍ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﮐﺩﻮﺧ ﺎﻳ ،ﻩﺮﻴﮔ ،ﻪﮑﺳ ﻞﻴﺒﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺰﻠﻓ ﻢﺴﺟ ﮏﻳ
ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﮏﻳ ﻪﮐ ﻰﻣﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ (.ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﻯﺰﻠﻓ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺎﻬﻨﻳﺍ) .ﺩﻮﺷ
ﺎﻳ ﻯﺮﺗﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺐﻄﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﮐ ﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ .ﺪﺘﻔﻴﺑ ﻕﺎﻔﺗﺍ ،ﺪﻴﻨﮐ ﻰﻣ ﻞﻤﺣ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻒﻴﮐ ﺎﻳ ﺐﻴﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻓﺎﺿﺍ